This course is intended for beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels.

After completing this section the student should be able to do the following:

• List the 4 types of Diabetes
• Describe each of the 4 types of Diabetes
• Describe how the pancreas plays a part in Diabetes
• Identify normal blood glucose levels, pre diabetic blood glucose levels, and diabetic blood glucose levels
• Describe what insulin is and where it is produced
• List 4 symptoms that may indicate a patient should be tested for Diabetes
• State how A1C testing works and how it helps track blood glucose levels
• Identify 3 ethnic groups who may be at higher risk of developing Diabetes
• List 4 eye diseases/ complications that can result from Diabetes
• Describe what Rubeosis is and how it related to Diabetes
• Explain how Diabetes and glaucoma are related
• Describe how Diabetes can affect the development of cataracts
• Explain what a pupil sparing 3rd nerve palsy is and what problems the patient may experience
• Explain what a 4th nerve palsy is and what problem the patient may experience
• Explain what a 6th nerve palsy is and what problem the patient may experience
• Describe the prognosis for a diabetic with a nerve palsy
• Describe Diabetic retinopathy
• List 3 types of Diabetic retinopathy
• Explain what changes take place in background Diabetic retinopathy
• Describe what changes take place in non proliferative Diabetic retinopathy
• Describe the changes that take place in proliferative Diabetic retinopathy
• Explain how Diabetic macular edema occurs
• List 3 treatments that may be used for different types of Diabetic retinopathy
• Identify 6 classes of oral medications used to treat Diabetes
• List 3 types of Insulin
• Describe the changes that take place in proliferative Diabetic retinopathy
• List 6 different oral Diabetic medications
• List 4 pertinent questions technicians should ask Diabetic patients

This course should take approximately 1 hour to complete.

This course has been approved by the AOA Commission on Paraoptometric Certification (CPC) for continuing education credit for use toward paraoptometric certification renewal.